Resistance to wind load

Resistance to wind load is the ability of a building element to withstand wind pressure and wind
suction.

Test

The wind stress results from the effect of wind on the building, recorded in the form of wind loads, which consist of wind pressure, wind suction and surcharge values. The wind loads depend, among other things, on the height of the building, the position of the building and the shape of the building.
DIN EN 14351-1 is limited to the verification of deformation. If not sufficiently dimensioned from experience, a structural analysis is required for the main load-bearing elements.

In the wind load test, the building element to be evaluated is mounted in a subframe (steel or wood) and clamped on the test stand. The wind load is applied by static air overpressure or negative pressure. Depending on the tightness of the building element, it may be necessary to seal the resulting gaps by attaching a foil.

Depending on the type of construction element, the deformation of the test sample is included in the result.

Depending on the type of building element, the wind load is tested as part of a combined test, air permeability, water tightness against driving rain and wind load.

The test can also be carried out on external, DAkkS-calibrated test stands on site at the manufacturer.

Windzonen
Windzonen

DIN 1055-4:2005 divides Germany into the wind zones listed below. A tabular list allocated according to administrative boundaries is available at www.dibt.de. However, the official announcements of the federal states are binding.

Wind zones according to DIN EN 1991-1-4/NA:2010-12
Wind zone Wind speed vref (m/s) Speed pressure
qref (kN/m²)
1 22,5 0,32
2 25,0 0,39
3 27,5 0,47
4 30,0 0,56

Wind zones according to DIN EN 1991-1-4/NA:2010-12

Building elements / Standards

The following building components can be tested and classified:

Building component Test according to Classification according to
windows – DIN EN 14351-1

external doors – DIN
EN 14351-1

internal doors – DIN
EN 14351-2

DIN EN 12211 DIN EN 12210
facades – DIN EN 13830 DIN EN 12179 DIN EN 13116
gates – DIN EN 13241 DIN EN 12444 DIN EN 12424
external closures e.g. roller shutters, revolving shutters, sliding shutters –

DIN EN 13659

DIN EN 1932 DIN EN 13659
awnings DIN EN 13561 DIN EN 1932 DIN EN 13561

 

Classification

Requirements using the example of windows and doors

Class according to
DIN EN 12210
P1 [Pa]a P2 [Pa]b P3 [Pa]c
1 400 200 600
2 800 400 1200
3 1200 600 1800
4 1600 800 2400
5 2000 1000 3000
Exxxxc

 

a No functional impairments, permanent deformations or damages may occur under this stress

b This pressure is repeated 50 times

c Test samples with stress above class 5, are classified with Exxxx, where -> xxxx is the actual test pressure

Class according to
DIN EN 12210
relativ frontal deflections
A <l/150
B <l/200
C <l/300

 

Minimum requirements in Germany:

Requirements Deformation Wind load
windows

doors

class B or C minimum requirements from wind load zone
facades < 15 mm, < l/200 minimum requirement from wind load zone
gates no permanent damages external closure
At least class 2
Roller, revolving, sliding shutters
Andreas Nerz
Windlast
+49 (0)8036 674947 - 0
Kontakt aufnehmen
Christoph Geiger
Windlast
+49 (0)8036 674947 - 0
Günter Borrmann
Windlast TORE
+49 (0)8036 674947 - 0